Yeast
Active yeast in raw dough is the danger. It expands in the stomach and makes alcohol (Merck). Once baked, the yeast is no longer working.
Baking soda and baking powder
ASPCApro describes large amounts of sodium bicarbonate raising sodium and lowering potassium in pets. A spoonful from the box is the worry, not the pinch in a baked treat.
Salt
Too much salt can cause vomiting, tremors, seizures and death (ASPCA). Homemade salt dough ornaments and play dough are common sources (Pet Poison Helpline).
